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Algorithms for Hand Calculators To Approximate Gaussian and Chi-Square Probabilities

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Even the early learner in statistics is likely to know something about the Gaussian and the Chi-square distributions, but it is not likely that he understands how to compute an estimate of the proba bility associated with the normal deviate in the Gaussian (normal) distribution, nor, knowing the Chi-square and its number of degrees of freedom, can approximate its probability. Algorithms designed for the electronic hand calculator to approximate the probabilities of these two distributions are here offered to the early learner and his non-sophisticated peer in statistics. These algorithms or formulas are so designed that they require no external support from any table, graph, interpolation, or extrapolation.

Educational and Psychological Measurement, Vol. 40, No. 4, 899-910 (1980)
DOI: 10.1177/001316448004000413


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