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Educational and Psychological Measurement
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The Development and Validation of a Group Test of Logical Thinking

Kenneth G. Tobin

University of Georgia

William Capie

University of Georgia

The paper describes the development of the Test of Logical Thinking (TOLT) to measure five modes of formal reasoning: controlling variables, proportional reasoning, combinatorial reasoning, probabilistic reasoning, and correlational reasoning. Each of the 10 items requires participants to select a correct response and justification from a number of alternatives. Analysis of data from 682 students from grades 6 through college indicated high test reliability (coefficient {alpha} = .85) and provided confirmation that the test measured one major underlying dimension termed formal thought. Evidence of criterion-related validity was obtained from a study in which 88 students from grades 10 through college were assessed on the TOLT and on five interview tasks. A correlation of .80 (p < .0001) suggested a strong relationship between the two measures of formal reasoning.

Educational and Psychological Measurement, Vol. 41, No. 2, 413-423 (1981)
DOI: 10.1177/001316448104100220
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