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The Mathematical Definition of Test Validity

Carleton University

A definition of test validity as the ratio of a covariance term to a variance term, analogous to the classical definition of test reliability as the proportion of observed variance which is true variance, is proposed. This definition leads to simple validity formulas which do not depend on an assumption of experimental independence. When error scores on distinct tests are uncorrelated, the proposed definition coincides with the usual one, but it remains meaningful even when error scores are correlated.

Educational and Psychological Measurement, Vol. 43, No. 3, 791-796 (1983)
DOI: 10.1177/001316448304300313


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