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The Development of an Emotions Scale for Writers

University of Missouri-St. Louis

Alice G. Brand

University of Missouri-St. Louis

The Brand Emotions Scale for Writers (BESW) is a 20-item scale designed to measure the emotions of writers (a) immediately before writing (state-before); (b) immediately after writing (state-after); and (c) during the process (trait). The present article describes the development of the BESW and the factor structure of these three different forms. Common factors analyses (orthogonal rotation), which yielded two factors for each of the three forms- state-before, state-after, and trait when writing-accounted for 36%, 42%, and 44% of the total variance, respectively. The item make-ups of the two factors, labeled positive and negative, were very similar across the three forms. In general, the BESW appears to be an internally consistent instrument capable of measuring positive and negative emotions before and after writing and of reflecting a trait when writing.

Educational and Psychological Measurement, Vol. 47, No. 2, 329-338 (1987)
DOI: 10.1177/0013164487472004


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