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Educational and Psychological Measurement
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The Method of Unweighted Means in Univariate and Multivariate Analysis of Variance

Steven D. Elliott

Applied Management Sciences Silver Spring, Maryland

The method of unweighted means (MUM) is an alternative to the least squares method (LSM) for analyzing nonorthogonal data. The MUM was investigated empirically to determine Type I error rates associated with various degrees of imbalance among the cell frequencies. The MUM was found to have acceptable error rates in both univariate and multivariate cases when the ratio of largest to smallest cell frequency, a, is less than or equal to 5. Previously, the MUM was thought to be inappropriate when a - 2. The issue of the power is also addressed. The LSM has more power on average; however, cases for which the MUM has more power are described.

Educational and Psychological Measurement, Vol. 49, No. 2, 399-405 (1989)
DOI: 10.1177/0013164489492012
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