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Educational and Psychological Measurement
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Quick-Reference Tables to Determine the Significance of the Difference between Two Correlation Coefficients from Two Independent Samples

Roger E. Millsap

Baruch College and The Graduate Center, City University of New York

Sheldon S. Zalkind

Baruch College and The Graduate Center, City University of New York

Tina Xenos

Baruch College and The Graduate Center, City University of New York

A number of research questions (e.g., differential validity, moderator variables) require comparisons of correlation coefficients across independent populations. In the two population case, the test statistic used in these comparisons is not a simple function of the difference between the sample correlations. Hence, this difference is not a direct indicator of significance. The formula can be rewritten to give the value of the larger correlation (rL) required to reach significance at a specified alpha level, given the value of the smaller correlation (rs) and the sample sizes. Quick-reference tables are presented giving critical values of rL for a two-tailed critical region at an alpha level of .05. Tabled values of rs range from .10 to .95, and sample sizes range from 15 to 200. The tables allow quick assessment of significance without requiring calculation of the test statistic.

Educational and Psychological Measurement, Vol. 50, No. 2, 297-307 (1990)
DOI: 10.1177/0013164490502008
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