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Tests of Independence in Contingency Tables with Small Samples: A Comparison of Statistical Power

American College Testing

Jeffrey D. Kromrey

University of South Florida

The chi-square test of independence is a frequently used nonparametric test. Although the Type I error estimates for small-sample chi-square statistics applied to 2 x 2 tables have been relatively thoroughly studied, the Type II error rate (or power) has not been as extensively investigated. Additionally, most of the previous research has been limited to 2 x 2 tables and has not been extended to tables of larger dimensions. The objectives of the present research were (a) to investigate the small-sample power of several statistical tests in 2 x 2 and 3 x 3 contingency tables, and (b) to examine the Type I error rates for these tests under studied conditions. Various marginal distributions, sample sizes, and effect sizes were examined.

Educational and Psychological Measurement, Vol. 56, No. 1, 26-44 (1996)
DOI: 10.1177/0013164496056001002


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