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Educational and Psychological Measurement
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Validation of Geriatric Depression Scale–5 Scores Among Sedentary Older Adults

David X. Marquez

Edward McAuley

Robert W. Motl

Steriani Elavsky

James F. Konopack

Gerald J. Jerome

Arthur F. Kramer

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

This study examined the validity of Geriatric Depression Scale–5 (GDS-5) scores among older sedentary adults based on its structural properties and relationship with external criteria. Participants from two samples (Ns = 185 and 93; M ages = 66 and 67 years) completed baseline assessments as part of randomized controlled exercise trials. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a single-factor model for the GDS-5, the GDS-5 exhibited adequate sensitivity and specificity for screening depression, and scores from the 30 and 5 item GDS were strongly related. GDS-5 scores were strongly related with happiness and morale and moderatelyrelatedwithsatisfactionwithlife,loneliness,optimism,pessimism,perceived stress, negative health symptoms, and self-esteem. As expected, GDS-5 scores were weakly related with self-efficacy, cardiorespiratory fitness, and functional fitness. Support is provided for the validity of GDS-5 scores as a measure of depression among older sedentary adults participating in exercise studies.

Key Words: aging • depression • measurement • GeriatricDepressionScale • constructvalidation

Educational and Psychological Measurement, Vol. 66, No. 4, 667-675 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/0013164405282464
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